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Among those who become infected, some will exhibit no symptoms 1 .
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1 Chan JF-W, Yuan S, Kok K-H, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet 2020; 395: 514–23
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Early data suggest that of those who develop an illness, the great majority 2 will have a mild-to-moderate, but self-limiting illness – similar to seasonal flu 3 .
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3 Xu XW, Wu XX, Jiang XG, Xu KJ, Ying LJ, Ma CL, et al. Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series. BMJ. 2020 Feb 19;368
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It is, however, also clear that a minority of people who get COVID-19 will develop complications severe enough to require hospital care 4 , most often pneumonia.
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4 Sun K, Chen J, Viboud C. Early epidemiological analysis of the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak based on crowdsourced data: a population-level observational study. Lancet Digital Health 2020; published online Feb 20. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30026-1
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Science China Life Sciences (Springer Science and Business Media LLC)
Yingxia Liu et al. 2020
In a small proportion of these, the illness may be severe enough to lead to death 5 .
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5 Liu Y, Yang Y, Zhang C, Huang F, Wang F, Yuan J, et al. Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury. Science China Life Sciences. 2020 Feb 9:1-1
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So far the data we have suggest that the risk of severe disease and death increases amongst elderly people and in people with underlying health risk conditions (in the same way as for seasonal flu) 6 7 .
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6 Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. The Lancet. 2020 Jan 30
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So far the data we have suggest that the risk of severe disease and death increases amongst elderly people and in people with underlying health risk conditions (in the same way as for seasonal flu) 6 7 .
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7 Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. The Lancet. 2020 Jan 24
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New England Journal of Medicine (Massachusetts Medical Society)
Qun Li et al. 2020
Children can be infected 9 and can have a severe illness 10 , but based on current data overall illness seems rarer in people under 20 years of age.
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9 Li, Q., et al Early Transmission Dynamics in Wuhan, China, of Novel Coronavirus- Infected Pneumonia. NEJM. 2020 Jan 29 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001316
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So far, there has been no obvious sign that pregnant women are more likely to be seriously affected 11 12 .
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11 Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, Li J, Zhao D, Xu D, Gong Q, Liao J. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. The Lancet. 2020 Feb 12
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So far, there has been no obvious sign that pregnant women are more likely to be seriously affected 11 12 .
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12 Qiao J. What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women?. The Lancet. 2020 Feb 12
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our existing plan ‘flu plans 16 ).
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16 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/Responding-to-a-uk-flu-pandemic
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Consequently, contingency plans developed for pandemic influenza 17 , and lessons learned from previous outbreaks, provide a useful starting point for the development of an effective response plan to COVID-19.
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17 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/Responding-to-a-uk-flu-pandemic
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